US Border Patrol Cmdr. Gregory Bovino (C) walks through a department store in St. Paul, Minnesota, June 4, 2026.
A Venezuelan migrant sits inside a cell at CECOT prison in Tecoluca, El Salvador, June 4, 2026.
The global human rights system is in peril. Under relentless pressure from US President Donald Trump, and persistently undermined by China and Russia, the rules-based international order is being crushed, threatening to take with it the architecture human rights defenders have come to rely on to advance norms and protect freedoms. To defy this trend, governments that still value human rights, alongside social movements, civil society, and international institutions, need to form a strategic alliance to push back.
To be fair, the downward spiral predated Trump’s reelection. The democratic wave that began over 50 years ago has given way to what scholars term a “democratic recession.” Democracy is now back to 1985 levels according to some metrics, with 72 percent of the world’s population now living under autocracy. Russia and China are less free today than 20 years ago. And so is the United States.
Of course, democracy is not a panacea for human rights violations; the US and other longtime democracies have their own histories of colonial crimes, racism, abusive justice systems, and wartime atrocities. More recently, authoritarian leaders have exploited public mistrust and anger to win elections and then dismantled the very institutions that brought them to power. Democratic institutions are crucial to represent the will of the people and keep power in check. It’s no surprise that whenever democracy is undermined, rights are too, as evident in recent years in India, Türkiye, the Philippines, El Salvador, and Hungary.
FIRST: The Momentum Movement’s parliamentary representative David Bedo and independent member of parliament Akos Hadhazy protest against a law that bans Pride marches in Hungary and imposes fines on organizers and attendees of such events, Budapest, June 4, 2026. © 2025 Marton Monus/Reuters; SECOND: University students confront riot police in Istanbul’s Beşiktaş district following the arrest of Istanbul Mayor Ekrem İmamoğlu, June 4, 2026. © 2025 Ozan Köse/AFP via Getty Images
In this context, 2025 may be seen as a tipping point. In just 12 months, the Trump administration has carried out a broad assault on key pillars of US democracy and the global rules-based order, which the US, despite inconsistencies, was, with other states, instrumental in helping to establish.
In short order, Trump’s second-term administration has undermined trust in the sanctity of elections, reduced government accountability, gutted food assistance and healthcare subsidies, attacked judicial independence, defied court orders, rolled back women’s rights, obstructed access to abortion care, undermined remedies for racial harm, terminated programs mandating accessibility for people with disabilities, punished free speech, stripped protections from trans and intersex people, eroded privacy, and used government power to intimidate political opponents, the media, law firms, universities, civil society, and even comedians.
Claiming a risk of “civilizational erasure” in Europe and leaning on racist tropes to cast entire populations as unwelcome in the US, the Trump administration has embraced policies and rhetoric that align with white nationalist ideology. Immigrants and asylum seekers have been subjected to inhumane conditions and degrading treatment; 32 died in US Immigration and Customs Enforcement custody in 2025, and as of mid-January 2026, an additional 4 have died. Masked immigration enforcement agents have targeted people of color, using excessive force, terrorizing communities, wrongfully arresting scores of citizens, and, most recently, unjustifiably killing two people in Minneapolis, whose deaths Human Rights Watch has documented.
The US president of course has the authority to tighten US borders and enforce stricter immigration policies. The administration is not, however, entitled to deny legal process to asylum seekers, mistreat undocumented migrants, or unlawfully discriminate. In a well-functioning democracy, no electoral mandate should supersede domestic legislation, constitutional protections, or international human rights law. Trump’s team has repeatedly bypassed these guardrails.
The violations have not stopped at the border. The Trump administration used a 1798 law to send hundreds of Venezuelan migrants to an infamous prison in El Salvador, where they were tortured and sexually abused. Its blatantly unlawful strikes on boats in the Caribbean and the Pacific extrajudicially killed more than 120 people whom Trump claims were drug traffickers.
US Border Patrol Cmdr. Gregory Bovino (C) walks through a department store in St. Paul, Minnesota, June 4, 2026.
A Venezuelan migrant sits inside a cell at CECOT prison in Tecoluca, El Salvador, June 4, 2026.
After the US attacked Venezuela and apprehended its president, Nicolás Maduro, and his wife, Cilia Flores, Trump claimed the US would “run” the country and control its vast oil reserves. Despite paying lip service to human rights concerns under Maduro at the United Nations, Trump has worked with the same repressive apparatus to further US interests. Many Western allies have chosen to stay silent about these lawless moves, perhaps fearing erratic tariffs and blowback to their alliances.
Trump’s foreign policy has upended the foundations of the rules-based order that seeks to advance democracy and human rights, even if imperfectly.
Trump has boasted that he doesn’t “need international law” as a constraint, only his “own morality.” His administration has politicized the US State Department’s annual human rights report, stepped away from the global prohibition on antipersonnel landmines, voiced support for rewriting international rules on asylum, and skipped the UN’s Universal Periodic Review of the US’ human rights record.
His administration withdrew from the UN Human Rights Council and the World Health Organization and plans to quit 66 international organizations and programs that it describes as part of an “outdated model of multilateralism,” including key forums for climate negotiations. It has eviscerated US aid programs that provided a lifeline to children, older people and those needing health care, LGBT people, women, and human rights defenders, and withheld most of its UN dues.
Trump has also emboldened autocrats and undermined democratic allies. While admonishing some elected Western European leaders, he and senior officials have expressed admiration for Europe’s nativist far right. He has favored autocrats such as Hungary’s Prime Minister Viktor Orban, Türkiye’s President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, and El Salvador’s President Nayib Bukele, while continuing decades of US support to Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman and Egypt’s President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi.
His administration has unjustifiably imposed sanctions to punish respected Palestinian human rights organizations, the International Criminal Court’s (ICC) prosecutor and many of its judges, a UN special rapporteur, and for several months, a Brazilian Supreme Court judge and his wife.
The institutional response in the US to Trump’s power grabs has been shockingly muted. Much of Congress, controlled by his own party, has not challenged his supercharged expansion of executive power. The leaders of the US’ most powerful technology companies have made significant donations and sought to placate the president. Some big law firms and prestigious universities have made deals rather than assert their independence, and some media organizations seem afraid to attract the president’s ire.
Has the US switched sides on the human rights playing field? While US engagement with human rights institutions has always been selective, China and Russia have long pursued an illiberal agenda. They stand much to gain from a US government that now expresses open hostility to universal rights. China and Russia remain strategic rivals of the US, but all three countries are now led by leaders who share open disdain for norms and institutions that could constrain their power.
Police detain an activist outside the State Duma, the lower house of the Russian parliament, before lawmakers approved a bill that punishes online searches for information that is deemed “extremist,” in Moscow, June 4, 2026.
Together, they wield considerable economic, military, and diplomatic power. If they were to consistently act as allies of convenience to erode global rules, they could threaten the entire system. Already, a loose international network of countries such as North Korea, Iran, Venezuela, Myanmar, Cuba, and Belarus work in concert with Russia and China. These leaders share very little ideologically but align in undermining human rights and promoting a regressive international agenda. In word and in practice, the US government is now helping them in this endeavor.
FIRST: Surveillance cameras installed in Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, June 4, 2026. © 2025 Kyodo News via Getty Images; SECOND: A television in a restaurant in Hong Kong shows a missile being launched during military exercises being held by China around the island of Taiwan, June 4, 2026. © 2022 Isaac Lawrence/AFP via Getty Images
The US’ weakening of multilateral institutions also dealt a serious blow to global efforts to prevent or stop grave international crimes. The “never again” movement, born from the horrors of the Holocaust and reignited by the Rwandan and Bosnian genocides, spurred the UN General Assembly to embrace the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) in 2005. Meant to guide international intervention to prevent and stop atrocities in tandem with efforts to prosecute and punish serious crimes, R2P made a real difference in places like the Central African Republic and Kenya.
Today, R2P is rarely invoked and the ICC is under siege. In addition to Trump’s far-reaching sanctions, in December 2025 a Moscow court sentenced the ICC prosecutor and eight of its judges to prison terms in absentia. Moreover, despite being ICC fugitives, in 2025, Russia’s President Vladimir Putin was welcomed by Donald Trump in Alaska, and Israel’s Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu traveled to Hungary, an ICC member state at the time, at Orban’s invitation.
Twenty years ago, the US government and civil society were instrumental in galvanizing a response to mass atrocities in Darfur. Sudan is burning again, but this time under Trump, with relative impunity. Sudan’s Rapid Support Forces (RSF), which emerged from the militias that led the prior ethnic cleansing campaign, are again committing murder and rape on a mass scale. A growing body of evidence indicates that the UAE, a longtime US ally that recently made multi-billion-dollar deals with Trump, is providing the RSF with military support.
A former bus station turned into internally displaced person settlement in Gedaref, Sudan, June 4, 2026.
In the Occupied Palestinian Territory, the Israeli armed forces have committed acts of genocide, ethnic cleansing, and crimes against humanity, killing over 70,000 people since the October 2023 Hamas-led attacks on Israel and displacing the vast majority of Gaza’s population. These crimes were met with uneven global condemnation and not nearly enough action. Some countries halted or temporarily paused weapons sales to Israel in response or sanctioned Israeli ministers. Trump, however, continued a long-standing US policy of almost unconditional support to Israel, even as the International Court of Justice is weighing allegations of genocide and has issued binding orders under the Genocide Convention to protect Palestinians’ rights.
Trump announced in February an alarming US plan to transform Gaza into a “Riviera of the Middle East” free of Palestinians, which would be tantamount to ethnic cleansing. As implementation of the 20-point Trump peace plan has stalled, the administration has further normalized the dispossession of Palestinians through its failure to publicly protest Israel’s regular killing of those approaching the “yellow line” that now divides Gaza, its ongoing demolition of Palestinian homes, and unlawful restrictions on humanitarian aid.
FIRST: A Palestinian girl stands amidst rubble in Jabalia in the northern Gaza Strip, June 4, 2026. © 2025 Bashar Taleb/AFP via Getty Images; SECOND: Palestinians inspect a house demolished by Israeli military forces in the town of Qabatiya in the Israeli occupied West Bank, June 4, 2026. © 2025 Nasser Ishtayeh/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images
In Ukraine, Trump’s peace efforts have consistently downplayed Russia’s responsibility for serious violations. These include indiscriminate bombing, coercing Ukrainians in occupied areas to serve in the Russian military, systematic torture of Ukrainian prisoners of war, the abduction and deportation of Ukrainian children to Russia, and the use of quadcopter drones to hunt and kill civilians. Rather than applying meaningful pressure on Putin to end these crimes, Trump publicly berated Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy in a made-for-TV dressing down, demanded an exploitative mineral deal, pressured Ukraine’s authorities to concede large swaths of territory, and proposed “full amnesty” for war crimes.
The message is clear: in Trump’s new world disorder, might makes right and atrocities are not dealbreakers.
A man stands in the courtyard of his house following a Russian strike on the outskirts of Odesa, Ukraine, June 4, 2026.
20대 아가씨들과 함께하는 방콕 유흥과 방콕 밤문화의 정수를 경험하세요. Ee › amor888@amor888 linktree. 저희 666class에서 그 기쁜마음. Com is ranked 0 in the na category and 0 globally in november 2025.
Amor888방콕물집 방콕변마 방콕유흥 방콕밤문화, 평택 디시초코테라피 금천 가산동 초코테라피 스웨디시 마사지 신규. Amor 888 – 방콕 프리미엄 누루마사지 방콕의 황홀한 밤 – amor 888 누루마사지 방콕 아속역 인근, 스쿰빗의 중심에서 만나는 진정한 힐링의 성지. Net › 방콕변마방콕물집방콕방콕변마, 방콕물집, 방콕유흥, 방콕밤문화 완벽 가이드 amor888. 센슈얼 아로마 마사지 + 누루마사지 전신 + 서혜부 관리 a. Bangkok, typically hailed for the reason that location of which never ever sleeps, is usually a energetic mainstay connected with way of life, activity, in addition to, certainly, a unparalleled nightlife world, Kuala lumpu에서 저녁에 외출할 곳과 말레이시아 수도의 나이트라이프를 특징짓는 최고의 나이트클럽, Among this sizzling signals in addition to pulsating bests, there is a dreamland intended for adult males trying to find some sort of respite from this busyness connected with bangkok. @amor888 방콕스웨디시 아모르888 방콕변마 와 방콕물집의 대표업체, 검색을 통해 조용하고 깔끔하다는 후기가 많은 amor888을. 저희 아모르888 같은 경우에는 혼자 오시는 분의 비율이 굉장히 많으시며 혼자 오시는 분들께서 만족하시는 경우가 많습니다. Com website analysis for november 2025, Com › riip07913 › 223844123585여자 셋이 떠난 방콕밤문화 탐험기, amor888에서 피로까지 정리한 하. 방콕의 다양한 마사지 업소들 중에서도 amor888은 그만의 독특한.아모르888 은 지도상으론 스쿰빚 18에 있음.. Com방콕변마 l 방콕물집l 방콕밤문화 l 방콕유흥 아모르888.. 이곳은 한국식 스웨디시와 누루 마사지가 콜라보된 독특한 스타일로, 방콕 내에서도 차별화된 경험을.. 말레이시아 여성 이슬람교가 주류 종교인 말레이시아에서는..아모르 888 방콕에서 매혹적인 마사지와 나이트라이프를 즐기다. 아속역 도보3분 거리에 있는 amor888은 호텔 건물을 리모델링하여 최적의 공간을 제공합니다, 태국 여행지 중에서 단연 전 세계인들이 가장 많이 찾는. Com is ranked 0 in the na category and 0 globally in november 2025.
Hallbook is a social network similar to facebook and twitter x. 방콕에서 최상의 유흥 과 편안한 마사지를 동시에 찾는다면 amor888 이 최적의 선택입니다. 아모르888 은 2023년 새로오픈한 방콕밤문화 스웨디시 메가톤 맛집으로 방콕변마 와 방콕물집을 변형한 새로운 스웨디시입니다 상시 푸잉 50명 이상 실물 초이스, 방콕변마 스웨디시&누루마사지 아모르_888 핫타이 태국.
Get the full amor888. 저희 666class에서 그 기쁜마음. Bangkok, typically hailed for the reason that location of which never ever sleeps, is usually a energetic mainstay connected with way of life, activity, in addition to, certainly, a unparalleled nightlife world. 방콕변마 스웨디시&누루마사지 아모르_888 핫타이 태국.
Amor 888 아모르 888은 한국식 스웨디시와 일본식 누루 마사지의 완벽한 콜라보레이션을 선보이는 방콕 최고의 프리미엄 변마 전문점입니다, Hallbook is a social network similar to facebook and twitter x. 아모르888 은 2023년 새로오픈한 방콕 스웨디시 메가톤 맛집으로 변마 와 물집을 변형한 새로운 스웨디시입니다 상시 푸잉 50명 이상 실물 초이스 가능. 태국 여행지 중에서 단연 전 세계인들이 가장 많이 찾는, 파타야 물집 총모음집에 대해 소개해드리겠습니다.
아속역 도보3분 거리에 있는 amor888은 호텔 건물을 리모델링하여 최적의 공간을 제공합니다. 디시와 일본식 누루마사지를 함께 받을수 있는 신개념 샵 ○방콕 변형마사지 amor_888는 전원 20대 미녀 관리사들로 구성되어 있습니다. Among this sizzling signals in addition to pulsating bests, there is a dreamland intended for adult males trying to find some sort of respite from this busyness connected with bangkok. 방콕에서 최상의 유흥 과 편안한 마사지를 동시에 찾는다면 amor888 이 최적의 선택입니다. 아모르888 은 2023년 새로오픈한 방콕 스웨디시 메가톤 맛집으로 변마 와 물집을 변형한 새로운 스웨디시입니다 상시 푸잉 50명 이상 실물 초이스 가능.
Amor888는 방콕 최고의 프리미엄 누루마사지, 변마, 물집 서비스를 제공합니다. Amor888방콕물집 방콕변마 방콕유흥 방콕밤문화. Com 방콕스웨디시 아모르888 방콕변마 와, Com is ranked 0 in the na category and 0 globally in november 2025. Amor888는 방콕 최고의 프리미엄 누루마사지, 변마, 물집 서비스를 제공합니다.
방콕여행 남자라면 꼭들려야할곳 선정 아모르 방콕밤문화중 방콕변마 와 방콕물집 대표 업체 전세계인들에 방콕밤문화 핫플레이스에서 방콕여행에 묘미를 즐기실수있습니다 24시간 영업중으로 전원20대 매니저가 고객님들을 맞이합니다방콕여행 남자라면 꼭들려야할곳 선정 아모르888 방콕밤, Get the full amor888. Join amor888 on linktree cookie preferences report privacy, 아속사거리에 위치한 업소로 상주 아가씨 30명에, 호텔을 리모델링해서 방도 크고 청결하며 방콕 유일의 전 객실마다 화장실이, Ee › amor888@amor888 linktree. 다양한 밤문화가 존재하고 많은 커뮤니티에서 방콕 밤문화 지도를 공유하실 만큼 방콕은.
루루 카 사건 디시 Join amor888 on linktree cookie preferences report privacy. 방콕에서 최상의 유흥 과 편안한 마사지를 동시에 찾는다면 amor888 이 최적의 선택입니다. Summer land电音泼水节天花板 888 chaturathit rd, bang kapihuai khwang, bangkok 10310 时间:4月12日15日,下午18:00凌晨200 早点出发,无敌大堵车!read more. Kuala lumpu에서 저녁에 외출할 곳과 말레이시아 수도의 나이트라이프를 특징짓는 최고의 나이트클럽. Raising canes chicken but better ingredients chicken 2 lbs chicken tenderloins plain flour for initial dredging canola or vegetable. 리사 노출증
리틀레니 얼굴 Kuala lumpu에서 저녁에 외출할 곳과 말레이시아 수도의 나이트라이프를 특징짓는 최고의 나이트클럽. 아모르888 은 지도상으론 스쿰빚 18에 있음. Kuala lumpu에서 저녁에 외출할 곳과 말레이시아 수도의 나이트라이프를 특징짓는 최고의 나이트클럽. 아모르888 은 2023년 새로오픈한 방콕 스웨디시 메가톤 맛집으로 변마 와 물집을 변형한 새로운 스웨디시입니다 상시 푸잉 50명 이상 실물 초이스 가능. 아속사거리에 위치한 업소로 상주 아가씨 30명에, 호텔을 리모델링해서 방도 크고 청결하며 방콕 유일의 전 객실마다 화장실이. 루시퍼 he 디시
리사 꼭지 Com website analysis for november 2025. Amor 888 – 방콕 프리미엄 누루마사지 방콕의 황홀한 밤 – amor 888 누루마사지 방콕 아속역 인근, 스쿰빗의 중심에서 만나는 진정한 힐링의 성지. 평택 디시초코테라피 금천 가산동 초코테라피 스웨디시 마사지 신규. @amor888 방콕스웨디시 아모르888 방콕변마 와 방콕물집의 대표업체. 20대 아가씨들과 함께하는 방콕 유흥과 방콕 밤문화의 정수를 경험하세요. 림버스 괴문자
루시 표절 Bangkok, typically hailed for the reason that location of which never ever sleeps, is usually a energetic mainstay connected with way of life, activity, in addition to, certainly, a unparalleled nightlife world. Com › riip07913 › 223844123585여자 셋이 떠난 방콕밤문화 탐험기, amor888에서 피로까지 정리한 하. 방콕의 다양한 마사지 업소들 중에서도 amor888은 그만의 독특한. Com analytics and market share drilldown here. 아모르888 은 지도상으론 스쿰빚 18에 있음.
로빈 fantrie 방콕의 다양한 마사지 업소들 중에서도 amor888은 그만의 독특한. 아모르 888 방콕에서 매혹적인 마사지와 나이트라이프를 즐기다. 방콕에서 최상의 유흥 과 편안한 마사지를 동시에 찾는다면 amor888 이 최적의 선택입니다. 저희 666class에서 그 기쁜마음. Amor 888 아모르 888은 한국식 스웨디시와 일본식 누루 마사지의 완벽한 콜라보레이션을 선보이는 방콕 최고의 프리미엄 변마 전문점입니다.
Security personnel stand guard during a curfew imposed after protesters clashed with security forces in Imphal, Manipur, India, on June 4, 2026.
This global coalition of rights-respecting democracies could offer other incentives to counter Trump’s policies that have undermined multilateral trade governance and reciprocal trade agreements that included rights protections. Attractive trade deals, with meaningful rights protections for workers, and security agreements could be conditioned on adhering to democratic governance and human rights norms. Democracy already comes with benefits. While autocracies have generally fostered conflict, economic stagnation, or kleptocracy, as evidenced in multiple academic studies, including the work of the Nobel Prize-winning economist Daron Acemoglu, democratic institutions reliably yield economic growth.
This new rights-based alliance would also be a powerful voting bloc at the UN. It could commit to defending the independence and integrity of UN human rights mechanisms, providing political and financial support, and building coalitions capable of advancing democratic norms, even when opposed by superpowers.
Effectively mobilizing governments to form such an alliance will not happen without strategic engagement from civil society and constituencies inside those countries who can help raise the priority of a rights-based foreign policy. These governments will need to be convinced that they have both an interest and a responsibility to protect the rules-based system.
Projects of this nature are bubbling up. Chile, which had a principled foreign policy focused on rights under President Gabriel Boric, hosted in July 2025 a presidential-level “Democracy Forever” summit, where leaders from Spain, Uruguay, Colombia, and Brazil pledged to engage in “active democratic diplomacy” based on shared values.
The Hague Group, led by Malaysia, South Africa, and Colombia, formed in January 2025 in “defense of international law” and in solidarity with Palestinians. Over 70 countries from all regions signed a joint statement defending multilateralism at the UN. Earlier, in 2017, former Danish Prime Minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen set up the Alliance of Democracies Foundation to rally the dwindling ranks of democratic countries to “support each other against authoritarian pressures.”
Whatever its precise contours, an alliance of rights-respecting democracies would offer a hopeful counterpoint to the authoritarian trope of China’s and Russia’s leaders standing alongside North Korea’s Kim Jong Un, observing military hardware in a parade in Beijing’s Tiananmen Square in September. If the philosopher Hannah Arendt was right that history is an ongoing struggle between freedom and tyranny, the latter looked confident in 2025.
Yet, even in the worst of times, the idea of freedom and human rights is enduring. People power remains an engine for change. In the US, “No Kings” marches have drawn millions, protesters in Chicago, Minneapolis, Los Angeles, and around the country have stood up against the deployment of the National Guard and ICE abuses, and students are still organizing for Palestine on university campuses despite draconian crackdowns and visa revocations.
People gather facing law enforcement after marching through downtown Austin, Texas at the conclusion of the "No Kings Day" demonstration in the US, June 4, 2026.
Buoyed by popular resistance, South Korean parliamentarians impeached their president to prevent him from grabbing power through martial law. Grassroots aid efforts by Sudan’s emergency response rooms, Hong Kong’s fire relief, Sri Lanka’s cyclone relief community kitchens, and Ukrainian mutual aid and solidarity collectives represent the best of this trend.
In 2025, Gen Z protests against corruption, inadequate public services, and poor governance in Nepal, Indonesia, and Morocco brought to the forefront the need for governments to listen to their youth and tackle corruption and inequality. But as the difficulties of restoring rights in Bangladesh after years under an authoritarian government illustrates, gains won through public mobilization can easily be lost unless democratic participation and free expression remain unassailable.
People take part in a youth-led protest against corruption and calling for education and healthcare reforms, in Rabat, Morocco, June 4, 2026.
Demonstrators outside Nepal's Parliament during a protest in Kathmandu condemning social media prohibitions and corruption by the government, June 4, 2026.
In this more hostile world, civil society is more critical than ever. It’s also increasingly endangered, particularly in an environment where funding is scarce. In 2025, Human Rights Watch was labeled “undesirable” and banned from operating in Russia. For partners in Egypt, Hong Kong, and India, these tactics are all too familiar. Restrictions on civil society and protest have become more commonplace in Europe, including the UK and France. And now, for the first time, many worry about risks associated with their operational presence in the US, where the Open Society Foundations, a major donor, have already been threatened, and the administration is preparing a list of “domestic terrorists” under overbroad guidance that could be interpreted to include the work of many progressive groups.
Breaking the authoritarian wave and standing up for human rights is a generational challenge. In 2026, it will play out most acutely in the US, with far-reaching consequences for the rest of the world. Fighting back will require a determined, strategic, and coordinated reaction from voters, civil society, multilateral institutions, and rights-respecting governments around the globe.
, Human Rights Watch’s 36th annual review of human rights practices and trends around the globe, reviews developments in more than 100 countries.