US Border Patrol Cmdr. Gregory Bovino (C) walks through a department store in St. Paul, Minnesota, June 3, 2026.
A Venezuelan migrant sits inside a cell at CECOT prison in Tecoluca, El Salvador, June 3, 2026.
The global human rights system is in peril. Under relentless pressure from US President Donald Trump, and persistently undermined by China and Russia, the rules-based international order is being crushed, threatening to take with it the architecture human rights defenders have come to rely on to advance norms and protect freedoms. To defy this trend, governments that still value human rights, alongside social movements, civil society, and international institutions, need to form a strategic alliance to push back.
To be fair, the downward spiral predated Trump’s reelection. The democratic wave that began over 50 years ago has given way to what scholars term a “democratic recession.” Democracy is now back to 1985 levels according to some metrics, with 72 percent of the world’s population now living under autocracy. Russia and China are less free today than 20 years ago. And so is the United States.
Of course, democracy is not a panacea for human rights violations; the US and other longtime democracies have their own histories of colonial crimes, racism, abusive justice systems, and wartime atrocities. More recently, authoritarian leaders have exploited public mistrust and anger to win elections and then dismantled the very institutions that brought them to power. Democratic institutions are crucial to represent the will of the people and keep power in check. It’s no surprise that whenever democracy is undermined, rights are too, as evident in recent years in India, Türkiye, the Philippines, El Salvador, and Hungary.
FIRST: The Momentum Movement’s parliamentary representative David Bedo and independent member of parliament Akos Hadhazy protest against a law that bans Pride marches in Hungary and imposes fines on organizers and attendees of such events, Budapest, June 3, 2026. © 2025 Marton Monus/Reuters; SECOND: University students confront riot police in Istanbul’s Beşiktaş district following the arrest of Istanbul Mayor Ekrem İmamoğlu, June 3, 2026. © 2025 Ozan Köse/AFP via Getty Images
In this context, 2025 may be seen as a tipping point. In just 12 months, the Trump administration has carried out a broad assault on key pillars of US democracy and the global rules-based order, which the US, despite inconsistencies, was, with other states, instrumental in helping to establish.
In short order, Trump’s second-term administration has undermined trust in the sanctity of elections, reduced government accountability, gutted food assistance and healthcare subsidies, attacked judicial independence, defied court orders, rolled back women’s rights, obstructed access to abortion care, undermined remedies for racial harm, terminated programs mandating accessibility for people with disabilities, punished free speech, stripped protections from trans and intersex people, eroded privacy, and used government power to intimidate political opponents, the media, law firms, universities, civil society, and even comedians.
Claiming a risk of “civilizational erasure” in Europe and leaning on racist tropes to cast entire populations as unwelcome in the US, the Trump administration has embraced policies and rhetoric that align with white nationalist ideology. Immigrants and asylum seekers have been subjected to inhumane conditions and degrading treatment; 32 died in US Immigration and Customs Enforcement custody in 2025, and as of mid-January 2026, an additional 4 have died. Masked immigration enforcement agents have targeted people of color, using excessive force, terrorizing communities, wrongfully arresting scores of citizens, and, most recently, unjustifiably killing two people in Minneapolis, whose deaths Human Rights Watch has documented.
The US president of course has the authority to tighten US borders and enforce stricter immigration policies. The administration is not, however, entitled to deny legal process to asylum seekers, mistreat undocumented migrants, or unlawfully discriminate. In a well-functioning democracy, no electoral mandate should supersede domestic legislation, constitutional protections, or international human rights law. Trump’s team has repeatedly bypassed these guardrails.
The violations have not stopped at the border. The Trump administration used a 1798 law to send hundreds of Venezuelan migrants to an infamous prison in El Salvador, where they were tortured and sexually abused. Its blatantly unlawful strikes on boats in the Caribbean and the Pacific extrajudicially killed more than 120 people whom Trump claims were drug traffickers.
US Border Patrol Cmdr. Gregory Bovino (C) walks through a department store in St. Paul, Minnesota, June 3, 2026.
A Venezuelan migrant sits inside a cell at CECOT prison in Tecoluca, El Salvador, June 3, 2026.
After the US attacked Venezuela and apprehended its president, Nicolás Maduro, and his wife, Cilia Flores, Trump claimed the US would “run” the country and control its vast oil reserves. Despite paying lip service to human rights concerns under Maduro at the United Nations, Trump has worked with the same repressive apparatus to further US interests. Many Western allies have chosen to stay silent about these lawless moves, perhaps fearing erratic tariffs and blowback to their alliances.
Trump’s foreign policy has upended the foundations of the rules-based order that seeks to advance democracy and human rights, even if imperfectly.
Trump has boasted that he doesn’t “need international law” as a constraint, only his “own morality.” His administration has politicized the US State Department’s annual human rights report, stepped away from the global prohibition on antipersonnel landmines, voiced support for rewriting international rules on asylum, and skipped the UN’s Universal Periodic Review of the US’ human rights record.
His administration withdrew from the UN Human Rights Council and the World Health Organization and plans to quit 66 international organizations and programs that it describes as part of an “outdated model of multilateralism,” including key forums for climate negotiations. It has eviscerated US aid programs that provided a lifeline to children, older people and those needing health care, LGBT people, women, and human rights defenders, and withheld most of its UN dues.
Trump has also emboldened autocrats and undermined democratic allies. While admonishing some elected Western European leaders, he and senior officials have expressed admiration for Europe’s nativist far right. He has favored autocrats such as Hungary’s Prime Minister Viktor Orban, Türkiye’s President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, and El Salvador’s President Nayib Bukele, while continuing decades of US support to Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman and Egypt’s President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi.
His administration has unjustifiably imposed sanctions to punish respected Palestinian human rights organizations, the International Criminal Court’s (ICC) prosecutor and many of its judges, a UN special rapporteur, and for several months, a Brazilian Supreme Court judge and his wife.
The institutional response in the US to Trump’s power grabs has been shockingly muted. Much of Congress, controlled by his own party, has not challenged his supercharged expansion of executive power. The leaders of the US’ most powerful technology companies have made significant donations and sought to placate the president. Some big law firms and prestigious universities have made deals rather than assert their independence, and some media organizations seem afraid to attract the president’s ire.
Has the US switched sides on the human rights playing field? While US engagement with human rights institutions has always been selective, China and Russia have long pursued an illiberal agenda. They stand much to gain from a US government that now expresses open hostility to universal rights. China and Russia remain strategic rivals of the US, but all three countries are now led by leaders who share open disdain for norms and institutions that could constrain their power.
Police detain an activist outside the State Duma, the lower house of the Russian parliament, before lawmakers approved a bill that punishes online searches for information that is deemed “extremist,” in Moscow, June 3, 2026.
Together, they wield considerable economic, military, and diplomatic power. If they were to consistently act as allies of convenience to erode global rules, they could threaten the entire system. Already, a loose international network of countries such as North Korea, Iran, Venezuela, Myanmar, Cuba, and Belarus work in concert with Russia and China. These leaders share very little ideologically but align in undermining human rights and promoting a regressive international agenda. In word and in practice, the US government is now helping them in this endeavor.
FIRST: Surveillance cameras installed in Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, June 3, 2026. © 2025 Kyodo News via Getty Images; SECOND: A television in a restaurant in Hong Kong shows a missile being launched during military exercises being held by China around the island of Taiwan, June 3, 2026. © 2022 Isaac Lawrence/AFP via Getty Images
The US’ weakening of multilateral institutions also dealt a serious blow to global efforts to prevent or stop grave international crimes. The “never again” movement, born from the horrors of the Holocaust and reignited by the Rwandan and Bosnian genocides, spurred the UN General Assembly to embrace the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) in 2005. Meant to guide international intervention to prevent and stop atrocities in tandem with efforts to prosecute and punish serious crimes, R2P made a real difference in places like the Central African Republic and Kenya.
Today, R2P is rarely invoked and the ICC is under siege. In addition to Trump’s far-reaching sanctions, in December 2025 a Moscow court sentenced the ICC prosecutor and eight of its judges to prison terms in absentia. Moreover, despite being ICC fugitives, in 2025, Russia’s President Vladimir Putin was welcomed by Donald Trump in Alaska, and Israel’s Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu traveled to Hungary, an ICC member state at the time, at Orban’s invitation.
Twenty years ago, the US government and civil society were instrumental in galvanizing a response to mass atrocities in Darfur. Sudan is burning again, but this time under Trump, with relative impunity. Sudan’s Rapid Support Forces (RSF), which emerged from the militias that led the prior ethnic cleansing campaign, are again committing murder and rape on a mass scale. A growing body of evidence indicates that the UAE, a longtime US ally that recently made multi-billion-dollar deals with Trump, is providing the RSF with military support.
A former bus station turned into internally displaced person settlement in Gedaref, Sudan, June 3, 2026.
In the Occupied Palestinian Territory, the Israeli armed forces have committed acts of genocide, ethnic cleansing, and crimes against humanity, killing over 70,000 people since the October 2023 Hamas-led attacks on Israel and displacing the vast majority of Gaza’s population. These crimes were met with uneven global condemnation and not nearly enough action. Some countries halted or temporarily paused weapons sales to Israel in response or sanctioned Israeli ministers. Trump, however, continued a long-standing US policy of almost unconditional support to Israel, even as the International Court of Justice is weighing allegations of genocide and has issued binding orders under the Genocide Convention to protect Palestinians’ rights.
Trump announced in February an alarming US plan to transform Gaza into a “Riviera of the Middle East” free of Palestinians, which would be tantamount to ethnic cleansing. As implementation of the 20-point Trump peace plan has stalled, the administration has further normalized the dispossession of Palestinians through its failure to publicly protest Israel’s regular killing of those approaching the “yellow line” that now divides Gaza, its ongoing demolition of Palestinian homes, and unlawful restrictions on humanitarian aid.
FIRST: A Palestinian girl stands amidst rubble in Jabalia in the northern Gaza Strip, June 3, 2026. © 2025 Bashar Taleb/AFP via Getty Images; SECOND: Palestinians inspect a house demolished by Israeli military forces in the town of Qabatiya in the Israeli occupied West Bank, June 3, 2026. © 2025 Nasser Ishtayeh/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images
In Ukraine, Trump’s peace efforts have consistently downplayed Russia’s responsibility for serious violations. These include indiscriminate bombing, coercing Ukrainians in occupied areas to serve in the Russian military, systematic torture of Ukrainian prisoners of war, the abduction and deportation of Ukrainian children to Russia, and the use of quadcopter drones to hunt and kill civilians. Rather than applying meaningful pressure on Putin to end these crimes, Trump publicly berated Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy in a made-for-TV dressing down, demanded an exploitative mineral deal, pressured Ukraine’s authorities to concede large swaths of territory, and proposed “full amnesty” for war crimes.
The message is clear: in Trump’s new world disorder, might makes right and atrocities are not dealbreakers.
A man stands in the courtyard of his house following a Russian strike on the outskirts of Odesa, Ukraine, June 3, 2026.
초호화 한강뷰 아파트 집들이 최초공개라는 제목의 영상이 올라왔다. 동상이몽 이지혜 이사한 새집 공개 강호동 김희애와 이웃 김숙. 이지혜, 압구정 럭셔리 아파트 공개랜선 집들이 예고. 그는 최근 콘크리트 회벽과 노출 천장을 유지해 인더스트리얼한 분위기를 가득 살린 새집으로 이사를 마쳤다.
| Kr › news › 454999이지혜, 노브라 촬영 고백xxx 다 비쳐서 결국 편집 요청했다. | 이날 이지혜는 깜찍하면서도 과격한 춤을 수차례 반복하던중 가슴이 노출 될뻔한 위험천만한 상황까지 벌어졌다. | 가수 이지혜가 혼성그룹 샵으로 활동하던 당시 아찔한 방송사고에 얽힌 일화를 공개했다. | Kr › newsdetail › 2015061815494723390이지혜 서지영 의리컷, 비치는 비키니로 가슴 노출. |
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| 손볼 데가 너무 많다고 토로해 웃음을 자아냈다. | 이날 공개된 사진 속에는 한강과 동호대교까지 한눈이 훤히 내려다 보이는 이지혜 자택 내부가 담겨있어 눈길을 끌었다. | Com › news › articleview이지혜, 속옷노출 방송사고 후 군대섭외 폭주 ‘섹시스타’ 등극. | osen김나연 기자 방송인 이지혜가 솔직한 면모로 제작진까지 충격에 빠트렸다. |
| 지난 6일 유튜브 채널 밉지않은 관종언니에는 이지혜가 유튜브 구독자 80만명 달성을 앞두고 라이브 방송을 진행한. | 다음 달 수도권 아파트 입주 물량이 1만3000가구를 넘어 10월 보다 9배가량 늘어난다. | 이지혜 노출사고가 나 이지혜 노출이 화제가 되고 있습니다 손바닥 tv 이지혜 초미니스커트 입고 꽈당 사연과 이지혜 노출 포스팅 시작하겠습니다 가수 이지혜가 생방송 손바닥 tv 촬영중 초미니스커트 차림으로. | 한눈에 보는 오늘 방송가요 뉴스 osen김나연 기자 방송인 이지혜가 솔직한 면모로 제작진까지 충격에 빠트렸다. |
| 남동생 집들이이라는 제목의 영상이 업로드됐다. | 그는 최근 콘크리트 회벽과 노출 천장을 유지해 인더스트리얼한 분위기를 가득 살린 새집으로 이사를 마쳤다. | 22일 유튜브 채널 밉지않은 관종언니에는 서울대 래퍼 빈지노의 성북동 150평 단독주택 집들이. | Kr › newsdetail › 2015061815494723390이지혜 서지영 의리컷, 비치는 비키니로 가슴 노출. |
| 이지혜 부부는 동생 부부 집들이를 가기 위해 동. | 남동생 집들이라는 제목의 영상을 공개. | Com › news › articleview이지혜, 속옷노출 방송사고 후 군대섭외 폭주 ‘섹시스타’ 등극. | 이지혜는 여기 딱 계약을 하려고 했을 때 강호동 오빠랑 김희애 씨가 산다고 했다. |
이지혜는 최근 진행된 kbs 2tv 녹화에서 당시 짧은 치마를 입었는데 카메라가 아래로 내려가서 속옷이 그대로 노출 됐다고 아찔했던 방송사고를 전했다. 이지혜의 가슴 x레이 사진은 유명 p2p 사이트인 p사에서 이지혜 가슴 x레이라는 제목과 함께 유포되고 있다, 90년대 인기그룹 shap 멤버 이지혜와 서지영의 아찔한 노출 투샷이 화제다. 경악한 스태프 반응이지혜, 노브라로 촬영해 방송사고 나자 스탭에게 이것까지 부탁모두가 놀랐다 가수 겸 방송인 이지혜가 속옷을 입지 않은 상태인 노브라로 유튜브 촬영에 나섰던 19금 일화를 전하며 누리꾼들에게 눈길을 끌었다.
속옷 안 입고 방송해 그대로 다 보였다가수 이지혜가 노브라로 영상을 찍었던 아찔했던 일화를 공개했다, Com › news_view이지혜 방송중 속옷 노출, 군대행사 섭외 폭주. Ⓒ 가수 이지혜의 가슴 x레이 사진이 인터넷에 유출돼 네티즌들의 호기심을 자극하고 있는 가운데 사진 유출로 인해 자연산 가슴이 입증되는 게 아니냐는 네티즌의, 이지혜가 상큼한 원피스 자태를 자랑했다. 이지혜는 22일 자신의 유튜브 채널 밉지않은 관종언니에 서울대 래퍼 빈지노의 성북동 150평 단독주택 집들이와이프, 아들 공개라는 제목의 영상을.
경악한 스태프 반응이지혜, 노브라로 촬영해 방송사고 나자 스탭에게 이것까지 부탁모두가 놀랐다 가수 겸 방송인 이지혜가 속옷을 입지 않은 상태인 노브라로 유튜브 촬영에 나섰던 19금 일화를 전하며 누리꾼들에게 눈길을 끌었다.. 8일 유튜브 채널 밉지않은 관종언니에는 이지혜 일반인 친구..
Love me love me, 이지혜 라이브두시탈출컬투쇼,2015년6월18일. 22일 유튜브 채널 밉지않은 관종언니에는 서울대 래퍼 빈지노의 성북동 150평 단독주택 집들이. Kr › estate › 20251027청담르엘원페를라 집들이&mldr.
랩 다이아 프로포즈 디시 Com › article › all이지혜 군부대 공연 때 흥분해서 의도적 노출 경악. 5일 오후 방송된 sbs ‘동상이몽2너는 내 운명’에는 이지혜가 최근 휴가를 다녀왔다고 밝혔다. 이지혜는 저희 집의 하이라이트라며 탁트인 한강뷰를 공개했다. 그러던 중 스태프 제작진가 저번에 보니까 오프닝을 내복 입고 하더라. 역대급 위기 속 정신과 의사를 찾아온 이지혜 부부, 지나친 솔직함 주의라는 제목의 영상이 게재됐다. 레제랑 뒹굴뒹굴 하는 만화
디임 성형 한편 이지혜는 지난 2017년 3살 연상의 비연예인과 결혼했다. 오늘 첫 포스팅은 이지혜 노출입니다 이지혜는 생방송 손바닥tv에서 초미니스커트 입고 넘어저서 이지혜 노출사고가 나 이지혜 노출이 화제가 되고 있습니다 손바닥 tv 이지혜 초미니스커트 입고 꽈당 사연과 이지혜 노출 포스팅 시작하겠습니다. Love me love me, 이지혜 라이브. 90년대 인기그룹 shap 멤버 이지혜와 서지영의 아찔한 노출 투샷이 화제다. 이지혜의 가슴 x레이 사진은 유명 p2p 사이트인 p사에서 이지혜 가슴 x레이라는 제목과 함께 유포되고 있다. 레스 패트리온
랜챈 6일 이지혜의 채널 밉지않은 관종언니에는 사람들 기절한 이지혜 무반주 쌩라이브텔미텔미,내입술 따뜻한 커피처럼이라는 제목의 영상이 게재됐다. Kr › estate › 20251027청담르엘원페를라 집들이&mldr. 6일 이지혜의 채널 밉지않은 관종언니에는 사람들 기절한 이지혜 무반주 쌩라이브 텔미텔미,내입술 따뜻한 커피처럼이라는 제목의 영상이 게재됐다. 한눈에 보는 오늘 방송가요 뉴스 osen김나연 기자 방송인 이지혜가 솔직한 면모로 제작진까지 충격에 빠트렸다. 이날 이지혜는 남동생 집들이를 맞이해 평소 남동생이 갖고 싶다던. 딸 친구 따먹는 새아빠 웹툰
레제 자위 최근 이지혜는 자신의 유튜브 채널 에 최고의 시누이 이지혜. 한편 이지혜는 지난 2017년 3살 연상의 비연예인과 결혼했다. 이지혜 노출사고♥ 이번에는 저 은지의 오늘 오후 11시16분 포스팅이에요 벌써 이렇게 밤이 되어버렸네요. 동상이몽 이지혜 이사한 새집 공개 강호동 김희애와 이웃 김숙. 가수 이지혜가 혼성그룹 샵으로 활동하던 당시 아찔한 방송사고에 얽힌 일화를 공개했다.
레제 비처녀 오늘 첫 포스팅은 이지혜 노출입니다 이지혜는 생방송 손바닥tv에서 초미니스커트 입고 넘어저서 이지혜 노출사고가 나 이지혜 노출이 화제가 되고 있습니다 손바닥 tv 이지혜 초미니스커트 입고 꽈당 사연과 이지혜 노출 포스팅 시작하겠습니다. 스포츠서울 혼성그룹 샵 출신 이지혜가 새 집을 공개했다. 이지혜가 상큼한 원피스 자태를 자랑했다. 29일 이지혜의 유튜브 채널 밉지않은 관종언니에서는 최고의 시누이 이지혜. 한편 이지혜는 지난 2017년 3살 연상의 비연예인과 결혼했다.
Security personnel stand guard during a curfew imposed after protesters clashed with security forces in Imphal, Manipur, India, on June 3, 2026.
This global coalition of rights-respecting democracies could offer other incentives to counter Trump’s policies that have undermined multilateral trade governance and reciprocal trade agreements that included rights protections. Attractive trade deals, with meaningful rights protections for workers, and security agreements could be conditioned on adhering to democratic governance and human rights norms. Democracy already comes with benefits. While autocracies have generally fostered conflict, economic stagnation, or kleptocracy, as evidenced in multiple academic studies, including the work of the Nobel Prize-winning economist Daron Acemoglu, democratic institutions reliably yield economic growth.
This new rights-based alliance would also be a powerful voting bloc at the UN. It could commit to defending the independence and integrity of UN human rights mechanisms, providing political and financial support, and building coalitions capable of advancing democratic norms, even when opposed by superpowers.
Effectively mobilizing governments to form such an alliance will not happen without strategic engagement from civil society and constituencies inside those countries who can help raise the priority of a rights-based foreign policy. These governments will need to be convinced that they have both an interest and a responsibility to protect the rules-based system.
Projects of this nature are bubbling up. Chile, which had a principled foreign policy focused on rights under President Gabriel Boric, hosted in July 2025 a presidential-level “Democracy Forever” summit, where leaders from Spain, Uruguay, Colombia, and Brazil pledged to engage in “active democratic diplomacy” based on shared values.
The Hague Group, led by Malaysia, South Africa, and Colombia, formed in January 2025 in “defense of international law” and in solidarity with Palestinians. Over 70 countries from all regions signed a joint statement defending multilateralism at the UN. Earlier, in 2017, former Danish Prime Minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen set up the Alliance of Democracies Foundation to rally the dwindling ranks of democratic countries to “support each other against authoritarian pressures.”
Whatever its precise contours, an alliance of rights-respecting democracies would offer a hopeful counterpoint to the authoritarian trope of China’s and Russia’s leaders standing alongside North Korea’s Kim Jong Un, observing military hardware in a parade in Beijing’s Tiananmen Square in September. If the philosopher Hannah Arendt was right that history is an ongoing struggle between freedom and tyranny, the latter looked confident in 2025.
Yet, even in the worst of times, the idea of freedom and human rights is enduring. People power remains an engine for change. In the US, “No Kings” marches have drawn millions, protesters in Chicago, Minneapolis, Los Angeles, and around the country have stood up against the deployment of the National Guard and ICE abuses, and students are still organizing for Palestine on university campuses despite draconian crackdowns and visa revocations.
People gather facing law enforcement after marching through downtown Austin, Texas at the conclusion of the "No Kings Day" demonstration in the US, June 3, 2026.
Buoyed by popular resistance, South Korean parliamentarians impeached their president to prevent him from grabbing power through martial law. Grassroots aid efforts by Sudan’s emergency response rooms, Hong Kong’s fire relief, Sri Lanka’s cyclone relief community kitchens, and Ukrainian mutual aid and solidarity collectives represent the best of this trend.
In 2025, Gen Z protests against corruption, inadequate public services, and poor governance in Nepal, Indonesia, and Morocco brought to the forefront the need for governments to listen to their youth and tackle corruption and inequality. But as the difficulties of restoring rights in Bangladesh after years under an authoritarian government illustrates, gains won through public mobilization can easily be lost unless democratic participation and free expression remain unassailable.
People take part in a youth-led protest against corruption and calling for education and healthcare reforms, in Rabat, Morocco, June 3, 2026.
Demonstrators outside Nepal's Parliament during a protest in Kathmandu condemning social media prohibitions and corruption by the government, June 3, 2026.
In this more hostile world, civil society is more critical than ever. It’s also increasingly endangered, particularly in an environment where funding is scarce. In 2025, Human Rights Watch was labeled “undesirable” and banned from operating in Russia. For partners in Egypt, Hong Kong, and India, these tactics are all too familiar. Restrictions on civil society and protest have become more commonplace in Europe, including the UK and France. And now, for the first time, many worry about risks associated with their operational presence in the US, where the Open Society Foundations, a major donor, have already been threatened, and the administration is preparing a list of “domestic terrorists” under overbroad guidance that could be interpreted to include the work of many progressive groups.
Breaking the authoritarian wave and standing up for human rights is a generational challenge. In 2026, it will play out most acutely in the US, with far-reaching consequences for the rest of the world. Fighting back will require a determined, strategic, and coordinated reaction from voters, civil society, multilateral institutions, and rights-respecting governments around the globe.
이지혜 의 이번 스타화보는 지난 3월 24일 부터 27일 까지 태국 데완드라와 마르코의 리조트에서 촬영됐으며 100여 벌의 의상으로 자신의 매력을., Human Rights Watch’s 36th annual review of human rights practices and trends around the globe, reviews developments in more than 100 countries.